Method of working gas-furnaces.



PATENTBD MAR. 10,' 1908. P. SCHMIDT & AJDESGRAZ. METHOD 0F WORKING GAS FURNAGES.

APrLIoATIoN lFILED AUG'. a. 1905.

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PATBNTBD MAR. 10, 1908. P. SCHMIDT L A. DBSGRA'Z. METHOD 0I WORKING GAS IURNAGES.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 3, 1905.

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ATo all 'whom 'it may concern.- Be it knownthat-we, PAUL SoHMrD'r and eers, subject and UNITED srngrns PATENT-crimen BAUL SCHMIDT AN-D ADoLPnE DESGRAz. or nANovER, GERMANY;

METHOD OF WORKING GAS-FURNACES.

Specification of Letters Pate-nt.

Application leg August 3, 1906. Serial N o. 272,5 9. v

, tions) are introduced at two'or more places.

The invention consists in introducing at the diHerent places two or'more .prepared mix-4 tures of gas and air, varying according to the different object in view during the different sta es of working and the composition of eac of which mixtures may be differently re lated during. the working of the furnace.

ith this purpose in view, at suitable places of the furnaces, f. i. at .one'of the end walls, nozzles or rows of nozzles are varranged above each other or in anyfother suitable manner through which prepared and differently composed` mixtures, consist# ing f. i. of combustiblegases and air areintroduced into the furnace; vand the composition of these different mixtures may be regulated according to the varying effect to be attained from one or the other nozzle or row of The 'nozzlesl may be arranged in any other suitable manner, f. i. in the'upper or-the side walls of the furnaces.

We will nowdescribe our method by Way of reference to the Working of la furnace'serving for smeltin glass and to a puddling furnace of any own construction. l-When working glass furnaces the disadvantage has `who take the arisen that the liquid glass is of a very varyving temperature at the different parts of the furnace vand Iconsequently is more or less liquid. `The molten glass being used for the production of bottles a number of glass blowers work on the front, rear and sides thereof lass from a corresponding number'of worng holes.` But bottles .of equal quality' c'an only be obtained, if the temperature at all Working holes is very nearly the same fi. "e. the glass .is uniformly liquid.

Now, according to the-'present invention and in order to smelt the raw materials and to maintain the molten glass atgazmnst 'even temperature at. all parts lofthe furnacezthere isl directed towardsthe raw materials charged into v'the furnacestacurrentbfi-:gas with an excess Vof' -air inorderto first .odrree the vsmelting temperature. rAasuita le'dis? tancebehind the nozzle fori-the introduction of this gas mixture rich in 'air a fur-then nozzle or set ofnozzles is arranged .through lwhich "a kmixture of air 4with an excess of gasqisain jeacted. .The two-nozzles or'sets iof nozzles -for the introduction of v4`the ytwo-mixtureseof air and gas may be arran ed in. a verticalor oblique manner to each ot er. syfmeansaof the excess of' air-of the firstly. introduced mixture the excess-of. gas .fed 'at rthefssconfd nozzles'or sets of nozzles-is burned. initheform `of a long flame most evenly :spreading: over the entire contents of the furnace andrleep ing themolten lass at an.almost --.'un1i`nrmA 4 V'hereas hitherto thediertemperature. encel of the temperaturein a lass .furnace of va length of 9 m often was 100 C and: mcreat the first and-last working holes, accordingto `our. method this difference. is -but=abeut zes-30P C. l i' On .theaccompanying drawing we.:hawe

Aillustrated-by way of example Ytwozfurrxaces vfor carrying our method into -eect'and which furnaces serve for smeltingf glass.

Figure' 1 is a vertical-longitudmalsection of one modification. Fig.- 2 'a similar section of another modification. Fig. fris-:alborizontal longitudinal section online iE-r--F of Fig. 1. Fig. 4` a vertical cross section .on line A-B of Fig. 1'. Fig. 5*.is section on line CeD of Fig. 1. Figrfisa vertical cross-section on line G-H .of-Fig.- 1. In the end wall ofthe furnace a `next-tothe feed place of the raw materials to be melted, nozzles d are arranged inafsuitable .distance from the bottomand at a :suitable yangleto the latten are in communication.madev in the :furnace wall and serving for passing the mixtures of air and gas 'to the nozzles. Behind. rthe nozzles d nozzles c are arranged With-which communicate the pipes b for supplying-:the gas and provided with valves gin-orden-.to regulate. the introduction-of the gas *.tol each llsajtented March 10, `#19.68.

a verticalrcross With these .nozzles .channels f los ' nozzle c., The channels f are providedwith s l,and thence V1o slide valves 1' 1n order to control the supply of the air currents. v l

1n thefupper wall of the -furnace channels f may be arranged servingv for supplying and .heating the combustion'air which by means ofa fan h is then passed through the pipe t or.

through channels in the rear wall to plpe lg to the channels With the nozzles lmthe channels s andm, and with the v'nozzles p the channels o andt are in com- 1mixture 'is introduced,

municat1on. y

Through' the nozzles jc, d a combustible having anexcess of air and serving for heating and smelting the raw materials, and through the nozzles n, p a combustible mixture ,having an excess of gasI is supplied, in order to form from the -nozzles n, p along ame, maintainingthe v'with the gas mixture sup 4lied through the nozzles c, d lor the com ustion products 'excess ofv oxygen is thereoffimrnediately after the first mixture has acted on Ithe-material vto be treated, in

order to form a long flame.

The invention may further be a lied with advantage for carrying vout the puddling process, with'which the raw iron is also to be first melted. In one vof the end wallsy of any puddling furnace nozzles or rows ofnozzles are arranged above each other Which-serve for supplying During the time of 'smelting the raw iron an to react oxidizingly on thev smelting material, in order to burn the silicium. But on the other -side the average temperature in the furnace should not be too high so that the slag covering the molten iron would not become too li uid and would quickly flow together again W en stirring the bath, as .otherwise the oxidizing action of the'furnace gases would be greatly impeded.

. i .Therefore in the beginning o f the process,

through the lower nozzles a mixture with an excess of air and through the upper nozzles a Vmixture with an excess of gas are supplied.

Consequently, we work oxidizing at the lower, and reducing at the upper nozzles. lAfter the manganese and a certain amount of the iron have been oxidized, by degrees the oxidation ofthe carbon commences. Now, the temperature in the furnace will have to be increased and therefore we work on all nozzles with a large excess of air, The

more the oxidation of the-carbon is progressingfthe less liquid the iron becomes,'and its smelting temperature exceeds nally the temperature prevailing 1n the furnace. Consequently, the metal begins to harden and the mixtures ofair' and gas.

esmas.

welded to clumps which will have to be broken again several times, as the iron is not uniformly kdecarbonized and the inner parts of the clumps will again have to be brought in contact with the oxygen. During this art of the process the temperature needs no onger be as high as before, whereas on the hearth there must still be a certain excess of oxygen. During this stage of the process therefore we workl at the upper nozzles or rows of nozzles with anr oxidizing iiame. During the balling-up now following, once more `a high tem erature is required, in order to separate t e slags .from the balls and to make the slags flow. Therefore during this -last part of the process we again work on all nozzles or rows of nozzles with an oxidizin flame.

e have described our method with reference to working a glass and a puddling furnace. .But it will be understood that it may be applied in a corresponding manner to all other flame furnaces.

We claim.:

1. A method of maintaining a body of moltenmaterial within a furnace at a uniform tem erature throughout which consists in su jecting the material to the action of a heating flame which spreads in an even manner entirely ,over the material by introducing into the furnace a mixture of coinbustible gas and air, cess of the former, and further introducing into the furnace a mixture of combustible gas and air, the former being in excess of the latter, said excess of air of the first mixture causing the excess of gas of the second mixture to beburnedin the form of a long fiame the latter. being inexy which evenly spreads entirely over the mateial.

2. A method of maintaining a body of molten material within a furnace at a uniform temperature throughout which consists in subjecting the material to the action of a heating flame which spreads in an even manner entirely over the material by introducing into the furnace a mixture of combus- V tible gas and air, the latter being in excess of the former, and further introducing into the furnace below sthe point of introduction of the first mixture another mixture of combustible gas and air, the former being in excess of the latter, said excess'of air of the first mixture causing the excess of as of the 'second mixture to be burned in t ie form of' a long flame evenly spreading entirely over the material.

3. A method of .maintaining a body of molten material within a furnace at a uni form temperature throughout which consists of subjecting the material to the action of a heating flame, which evenly spreads entirely over the material by introducing into the furnace through one end thereof a mixture of combustlble gas and air, the latter being in excess of the former, and further introducing into the furnace through the same end thereof a mixture of combustible gas and air, the former being in excess of the latter, said excess of air of the first mixture causing the excess of gasof the second mixture to be burned inthe form of a long flame evenly spread entirely over the material.

In testimony whereof We have hereunto set our hands in presence of two subscribing 1o Witnesses.

s PAUL SCHMIDT.

ADOLPHE -DESGRAZ.

Witnesses :l

OTTO NEIHLENDAM, EMIL REUTHS. 

